How to Operate a Computer?

How to turn on a computer?

How to start a program?

How to create a shortcut of file or folder?

How to close an application?

How to shut down a computer?

Other option in shut down

How to turn on a computer?

Go to top

1. Find the power button 

2. Push the power button

Note: if there is only one user account, password is is not applied, then desktop will appear and no further steps will be required.

3. Now you need to log in

4. Select user account

5. Enter “password”

6. Press enter

 

How to start a program?

Method go back

1. Press window log key

2. Type program name 

3. Select the program through arrow key and press enter key

4. The program will be appeared on the desktop

Method 2

1. Press wondow log key 

2. Select all programs

3. Select the program and click on it

4. The program will be appeard on the desktop

Method 3

1. Press windoe log key

2. Select all programs 

3. Selext the program and click on it 

4. The program will be appeared on the desktop

 

How to create short cut key?

Go back

1. Click on the start menu

2. Select the program and right  click on the program

3. Select the properties and click on the properties

4. In the dialogue box, go to shortcut kay text box 

5. Type shortcut key(Ctrl+ Alt + …)

6. Click on apply button

7. Click ok button

 

How to create shortcut of file or folder?

Go back

1. Select the file or folder 

2. Right click on the file or folder and select  sent to 

3. Select desktop (create shortcut) and click on it

 

How to close an application?

Go back

Method 1

1. Press alt+f4

Note of the file is saved, then the application will be closed, otherwisw the dialog to save the file will appear, then select the option to save or not.

Method2

1. Select the close button (x) in the upper right  corner  of the window 

Note : if the file is saved , then the application will be closed, otherwise the dialog t o save the file will appear, then select the option to save to not.

Method 3

1. Click on file menu

2. Select close /exit/quit

Note : of the file is saved , then the application will be closed, otherwise the dialog to save  the file swill  appear, then select th option to save ort not .

Method 4

1. Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete

2. Select start task manager 

3. Select application name under task

4. Select End Rask and click  on it 

Note: if the file is saved, then the application will be closed, otherwise the dialog to save the file ewill appear , then select option to save or not.

 

How to shut down the computer?

Go back

Method1 

1. Press the window  logo key on the keyboard

2. Click the shutdown button

Method2 

1. Click on the start button 

2. Click on shutdown button.

Method3

1. Press Alt + f4

2. Press Enter Key

Method 4 

1. Press Ctrl + Alt + Del

2. Click on the power button in the bottom-right of the screen 

 

Other options in shutdown

Go back

Switch user: switch user used without closing program.

Log off: close program and log off.

Lock = lock the computer (window key + L)

Restart: close all open program , shut down windows, and then start  windows.

Sleep: keep your session in memory and puts the computer in aloe power started so that you can quickly resume.

Hibernate: saves you session and turn  off  the computer. When you turn you on th computer, windows restores your sessions.

Basics of Computer

 Introduction to Computer

The word computer came from the Latin word compute, which means to calculate.

Definition

A computer is a digital electronic machine that can be programmed to perform a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations automatically.

 

A Computer is an electronic device that receives input, stores or processes the input as per user instructions, and provides output in the desired format.

 

Input  Process  Output

 

Full form of the Computer

Common Operating Machine Purposely Used for Technological and Educational Research

 

The brain of the Computer

CPU is the brain of the computer.

 

Father of the Computer

Charles Babbage is the father of the computer.

 

Functions of Computers

There are four functions of a computer:

Input

Process

Store

Output

 

Characteristics of Computer

To understand why computers are such an important part of our lives, let us look at some of its characteristics −

Speed

Accuracy

Reliability

Versatility

Storage Capacity

Benefits of Using Computer

Save Your Time

Get Information

Can Make Money

Data store Capability

Product Employment

Keep Your Entertained

Multitasking of Computer

Connect on the internet to get all things

 

Advantages of Using Computer

Now that we know the characteristics of computers, we can see the advantages that computers offer−

Computers can do the same task repetitively with the same accuracy.

Computers do not get tired or bored.

Computers can take up routine tasks while releasing human resources for more intelligent functions.

 

Disadvantages of Using Computer

Despite so many advantages, computers have some disadvantages of their own −

Computers have no intelligence; they follow instructions blindly without considering the outcome.

Regular electric supply is necessary to make computers work, which could prove difficult everywhere, especially in developing nations.

 

Limitations of Computer

Lack of common sense

No IQ

No feelings

No thinking capability

No decision-making ability

No learning power

Computers cannot express ideas

Types of Computer

There are three types of computer:

Digital Computer

Analog Computer and

Hybrid Computer

Types of Digital Computer

On the basis of size, digital computers can be classified into four categories:

Micro Computer

Mini Computer

Mainframe Computer

Super Computer

Parts of Computer

There are two parts to a computer:

Hardware and

Software

 

Computer Hardware

Hardware refers to the physical components of the computer that store and run written instructions provided by the software.

Motherboard

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Power Supply

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Video Card

Solid-State Drive (SSD)

Optical Disc Drive (e.g. BD drive, DVD drive, CD drive)

Card Reader (e.g. SD, SDHC)

Monitor

Keyboard

Mouse

Printer

Speakers

External Hard Drive

Desktop Image Scanner

Projector

Joystick

Headphones

USB Flash Drive

Computer Software

Software is the untouchable/non-physical part of the device that allows the user to interact with the hardware and give commands to perform specific tasks.

 

Computer Programming

Computer programming is the process of performing a particular computation usually by designing/building an executable computer program.

Computer Security

Computer security, cyber security, or information technology security is the protection of computer systems and networks from information disclosure, theft of or damage to their hardware, software, or electronic data, as well as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.

Booting

Starting a computer or a computer-embedded device is called booting. Booting takes place in two steps −

Switching on the power supply

Loading operating system into computer’s main memory

Keeping all applications in a state of readiness in case needed by the user

The first program or set of instructions that runs when the computer is switched on is called BIOS or Basic Input Output System. BIOS is firmware, i.e. a piece of software permanently programmed into the hardware.

If a system is already running but needs to be restarted, it is called rebooting. Rebooting may be required if software or hardware has been installed or the system is unusually slow.

There are two types of booting −

Cold Booting− When the system is started by switching on the power supply it is called cold booting. The next step in cold booting is loading of BIOS.

Warm Booting − When the system is already running and needs to be restarted or rebooted, it is called warm booting. Warm booting is faster than cold booting because BIOS is not reloaded.

Generations of Computer

The time of upgrade in the computer is called Generations of Computer. There are five generations of computer, which are given below.

1st Generations of computer 

Computers from 1940 to 1956 are called First Generations computers. Vacuum Tubes technology was used in first generation computers.

2nd Generations of computer  

Computers from 1956 to 1963 are called seconds Generations computers. Transistor was used in second generations of computers.

3nd Generations of computer 

Computers from 1964 to 1971 are called Third Generations computers. Integrated Circuit (IC) was used in third generations of computers.

4th Generations of computer

Computers from 1972 to 2010 are called fourth Generations computers. Microprocessor Technology was used in fourth generations of computers.

5th Generations of computer

Computers from 2010 to Present are called fifth Generations computers. Artificial Intelligence Technology was used in fifth generations of computers.

 

Computer Fundamentals

Introduction to Computer

The word computer came from the Latin word compute, which means to calculate.

Definition

A computer is a digital electronic machine that can be programmed to perform a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations automatically.

 

A Computer is an electronic device that receives input, stores or processes the input as per user instructions, and provides output in the desired format.

 

Input  Process  Output

 

Full form of the Computer

Common Operating Machine Purposely Used for Technological and Educational Research

 

The brain of the Computer

CPU is the brain of the computer.

 

Father of the Computer

Charles Babbage is the father of the computer.

 

Functions of Computers

There are four functions of a computer:

Input

Process

Store

Output

 

Characteristics of Computer

To understand why computers are such an important part of our lives, let us look at some of its characteristics −

Speed

Accuracy

Reliability

Versatility

Storage Capacity

Benefits of Using Computer

Save Your Time

Get Information

Can Make Money

Data store Capability

Product Employment

Keep Your Entertained

Multitasking of Computer

Connect on the internet to get all things

 

Advantages of Using Computer

Now that we know the characteristics of computers, we can see the advantages that computers offer−

Computers can do the same task repetitively with the same accuracy.

Computers do not get tired or bored.

Computers can take up routine tasks while releasing human resources for more intelligent functions.

 

Disadvantages of Using Computer

Despite so many advantages, computers have some disadvantages of their own −

Computers have no intelligence; they follow instructions blindly without considering the outcome.

Regular electric supply is necessary to make computers work, which could prove difficult everywhere, especially in developing nations.

 

Limitations of Computer

Lack of common sense

No IQ

No feelings

No thinking capability

No decision-making ability

No learning power

Computers cannot express ideas

Types of Computer

There are three types of computer:

Digital Computer

Analog Computer and

Hybrid Computer

Types of Digital Computer

On the basis of size, digital computers can be classified into four categories:

Micro Computer

Mini Computer

Mainframe Computer

Super Computer

Parts of Computer

There are two parts to a computer:

Hardware and

Software

 

Computer Hardware

Hardware refers to the physical components of the computer that store and run written instructions provided by the software.

Motherboard

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Power Supply

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Hard Disk Drive (HDD)

Video Card

Solid-State Drive (SSD)

Optical Disc Drive (e.g. BD drive, DVD drive, CD drive)

Card Reader (e.g. SD, SDHC)

Monitor

Keyboard

Mouse

Printer

Speakers

External Hard Drive

Desktop Image Scanner

Projector

Joystick

Headphones

USB Flash Drive

Computer Software

Software is the untouchable/non-physical part of the device that allows the user to interact with the hardware and give commands to perform specific tasks.

 

Computer Programming

Computer programming is the process of performing a particular computation usually by designing/building an executable computer program.

Computer Security

Computer security, cyber security, or information technology security is the protection of computer systems and networks from information disclosure, theft of or damage to their hardware, software, or electronic data, as well as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.

Booting

Starting a computer or a computer-embedded device is called booting. Booting takes place in two steps −

Switching on the power supply

Loading operating system into computer’s main memory

Keeping all applications in a state of readiness in case needed by the user

The first program or set of instructions that runs when the computer is switched on is called BIOS or Basic Input Output System. BIOS is firmware, i.e. a piece of software permanently programmed into the hardware.

If a system is already running but needs to be restarted, it is called rebooting. Rebooting may be required if software or hardware has been installed or the system is unusually slow.

There are two types of booting −

Cold Booting− When the system is started by switching on the power supply it is called cold booting. The next step in cold booting is loading of BIOS.

Warm Booting − When the system is already running and needs to be restarted or rebooted, it is called warm booting. Warm booting is faster than cold booting because BIOS is not reloaded.

Generations of Computer

The time of upgrade in the computer is called Generations of Computer. There are five generations of computer, which are given below.

1st Generations of computer 

Computers from 1940 to 1956 are called First Generations computers. Vacuum Tubes technology was used in first generation computers.

2nd Generations of computer  

Computers from 1956 to 1963 are called seconds Generations computers. Transistor was used in second generations of computers.

3nd Generations of computer 

Computers from 1964 to 1971 are called Third Generations computers. Integrated Circuit (IC) was used in third generations of computers.

4th Generations of computer

Computers from 1972 to 2010 are called fourth Generations computers. Microprocessor Technology was used in fourth generations of computers.

5th Generations of computer

Computers from 2010 to Present are called fifth Generations computers. Artificial Intelligence Technology was used in fifth generations of computers.

 

Getting Familiar with Computer Basics

Introduction to Computer Basics

Are you ready to start learning about computer science? This tutorial will help you to familiarize yourself with the computer and show you its benefits and uses. You will learn the basics of computers in this lesson. This tutorial is based on a personal computer.

Definition of Computer

A computer is an electronic machine that can store, find and arrange information, calculate amounts, and control other machines.